Learning Serbian /Croatian/Bosnian

Vremenski izrazi – Time expressions

Juče - Yesterday
Danas – Today
Sjutra – Tomorrow
Noćas (Večeras) – Tonight
Sinoć – Last night
Ujutro – In the morning
Popodne – In the afternoon
Uveče – In the evening
U podne – At noon
U ponoć – At midnight
U zoru – At dawn
Prije dva dana – Two days ago
U toku dana – During the day
Za dva dana – In two days
Sjutra ujutro – tomorrow morning
Sjutra veče – tomorrow evening
Juče ujutro – Yestrday morning
Sinoć – Last night

Dani u nedelji – Days in a week

Ponedjeljak – Monday
Utorak – Tuesday
Srijeda – Wednesday
Četvrtak – Thursday
Petak – Friday
Subota – Saturday
Nedjalja - Sunday

Mjeseci u godini – Months in a year
Januar – January
Februar – February
Mart – March
April – April
Maj – May
Jun – June
Jul – July
Avgust – August
Septembar – September
Oktobar – October
Novembar – November
Decembar - December

Godinja doba – Seasons of the year
Proljeće - Spring
Ljeto – Summer
Jesen – Autumn / Fall
Zima - Winter

Česti (uobičajeni izrazi) - Common expressions

Ko? - Who?
Šta? – What?
Zašto? – Why?
Kada? –When?
Gde? – Where?
Kako? – How?
Koliko? – How much?
Koliko? – How many?
Koliko dugo? – How long?
Koliko često? – How often?

Jednom (jedanput) – Once
Dvaput – Twice
Tri puta – Three times
Četiri puta – Four times etc.

Neko – Someone (Somebody)
Niko / Ništa – No one / No body

Svako / Svašta – Everybody / Everyone
Nešto – Something
Svugde – Everywhere
Negde – Somewhere
Nigde – Nowhere

Rano - Early
Kasno – Late
Pre – Before
Posle – After
Blizu – Close
Daleko – Far (Far away)
Napred – Straight (forward)
Nazad – Back
Levo – Left
Desno – Right
Gore – Up
Dole – Down
Ovde – Here (Over here)
Tamo – There (Over there)
Nikad – Never
Uvek – Always
Zato što - Because

Part 1: Avion – Plane

Možete li mi reći kada ima let za London?
Can you tell me when is the flight for London?

Mozete li mi reci da li ima autobus do aerodorma?
Can you tell me if there is a bus to the airport?

Mogu li ovdje da kupim kartu za let za Brisel?
Can I buy here the ticket for Brussels?

Možete. Gdje biste željeli da sjedite u dijelu za nepušače ili za pušače?
Yes you can. Where would you like to sit: in the non smokin area or in the smoking area?

U dijelu za nepušače, molim vas.
In the non smoking area, please.

Možete li mi reći gdje je šalter zaprijavljivanje?
Can you tell me where the check – in counter is?

Dobar dan. Da li se ovdje prijavljuje let za Amsterdam?
Good afternoon. Can I check in here for the flight to Amsterdam?

Mozete li mi dati vašu kartu i pasoš?
Can you please give me your ticket and passport?

Da li imate prtljag?
Do you have any luggage?

Nemate viška prtljaga. Ne morate ništa da plaćate
You do not have extra luggage. There is no excess to pay.

Svaki kilogram viška se plaća…
Extra charge for every kilo is…

Mogu li ponijeti ovu torbu kao ručni prtljag?
Can I take this bag as a hand luggage?

Mozete. Daću vam naljenicu za to torbu.
Yes you can. I will give you a label for it.

Izvolite vasu bording kartu.
Here is your boarding card.

Možete li mi molim vas reći koji je broj mog leta?
Can you please tell me what’s my flight number?

Kada stiže avion?
When does the plane arrive?

Uprkos nevremenu, vaš avion stiže na vrijeme.
Despite the bad weather your plane will be on time.

Gdje je čekaonica?
Where is the waiting lounge?

Da li ima neki autobus koji ide do grada?
Is there a bus going to town?
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Part 2: Voz – Train

Možete li mi reći gdje je željenznička stanica?
Can zou please tell me where the train station is?

Bijelog Polja.
I would like to buy two return tickets to Bijelo Polje.

Hoću kartu u jednom pravcu do Bara.
I want a one way ticket to Bar.

Kada dolazi voz?
When is the train comming?

Kada voz polazi?
When is the train leaing?

Kada voz stiže u Bijelo Polje?
When is the train arriving in Bijelo Polje?

Na koji peron stiže voz broj1562?
At which platform does the train 1562 arrive?

Možete li mi reći gdje se nalazi peron 2?
Can you please tell me where the platform 2 is?

Da li voz dolazi na vrijeme?
Is the train on time?

Ne, voz će kasniti nekoliko minuta.
No, the train will be severl minutes late.

Gdje se nalazi garderoba?
Where is the luagge – office?

Pušačka i nepušačka zona – Smoking and non –smoking area

Da li bi vam smetalo ako zapalim cigaretu?
Would you mind if I light a cigarette? (Would you mind if I smoke)

Da. –Yes I do.
No. – No I don’t.
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Part 3: Autobus – Bus

Možete li mi reći gdje je autobuska stanica?
Can you please tell me where the bus station is?

Da li mogu da kupim kartu u jednom pravcu do Herceg Novog?
Can I buy a one way ticket to Herceg Novi?

Ne, nažalost autobus je popunjen.
No, unfortunately the bus is full.

Možete li mi dati jednu povratnu kartu do Budve?
Can zou give me one return ticket to Budva?

Koliko košta povratna karta do Budve?
How much is the return ticket to Budva?

Da li autobus dolazi na vrijeme?
Is the busa comming on time?

Gdje su kancelarije gradskog prevoza?
Where are the offices of the public transport?

Želio bih da kupim mjesečnu kartu u javnom prevozu.
I would like to buy a monthly ticket in public transport.

Koliko često autobus saobraća na liniji 6?
How often doest the bus run on the line 6?

Možete li mi reči gdje treba da siđem?
Can you please tell me where am I supposed to get off?

Možete li mi stati na sledećoj stanici?
Can you please let me off at the next stop?
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Part 4: Taksi– Kab

Možete li mi reći gdje mogu naći taksi?
Can you please tell me where can I find a cab?

Morate nazvati neki od ovih brojeva …..
You have to dial one of the following numbers….

Koliko košta 1 km?
How much does one km cost?

Gdje želite da idete?
Where do you want to go?

Koliko će me kostati da me odvete do Budve?
How much will it cost if you take me to Budva?

Kostaće vas 40 eura.
It will be 40 euros.

Možete li doći po mene u 5 ujutro?
Can you pick me up at 5 am?

Kada želite da dodjem po vas?
When do you want me to pick you up?

Imate li prtljaga?
Do you have any luggage?

Da, vrlo je težak. Možete li mi pomoći da ga donesem?
Yes, it is very hard. Can you please help me bring it?

Da li je dozvoljeno pušenje?
Is the smoking allowed?

Molim vas, stanite tu.
Please stop here.

Možete li da me sačekate nekoliko minuta?
Can you please wait for me several minutes?

Da, ali taksimetar otkucava.
Yes but the meter is going.

To je u redu, nema nikakvih problema.
That is fine, no problem
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Part 5: Brod – Boat

Gde je luka?
Where is the harbor?

U koje cćemo sve luke pristajati?
In which harbors will we be docking in?

Želio bih da plovim Crnogorskoj obali.
I would want to sale around the Montenegrin coast.

Gdje se mogu ukrcati na brod?
Where can I embark on the ship? (What is the embarkation point?)

Koliko dugo traje ovaj put?
How long will this trip last?

Brod će pristati za par minuta.
The boat will be docking in in a few minutes.

Hoteli - Hotels

Možte li mi preporučiti neki dobar hotel?
Can you recommend me some good hotel?

Gdje se taj hotel nalazi?
Where is that hotel located?

Da li imate slobodnih soba?
Do you have any vacancies?

Ne, nemamo. Sve sobe su zauzete. / Da imamo.
No , we don’t. All the rooms are taken./ Yes we have.

Da li ste nas zvali da rezervišete sobu?
Have you phoned us to book a room?

Ne nažalost nisam. Da li je to problem?
No, unfortuntelly I haven’t. Is that a problem?

Ne nije. Imamo dosta slobodnih sloba.
No, it is not. We have a lot of spare rooms.

Želio bih da iznajmim sobu na nedelju dana.
I would like to take a room for a week.

Željela bih da rezervišem apartman na mjesec dana.
I would like to book a suite for a month.

Kolika je cijena punog pansiona?
What is the price for the full board?

A polu – pansiona?
And a half board?

Plaćate li kešom ili kreditnom karticom?
Do you pay by cash or with a credit card?

U redu uzeću sobu.
All right, I will take the room.

Izvolite ključ.
Here you are the key.

Željela bih da se odjavim jer odlazim za par minuta, molim vas.
I would like to check out, please, because I am leaving in a few minutes.

Koliko iznosi ukupan računa?
How much is my total bill?

Čini mi ste da ste nešto pogirješili, to je previše.
It seems to me that you have made a mistake that is too much.

Samo da provjerim. Oh da potpuno ste u pravu, mnogo se izvinjavam.
Let me just check. Oh, yes you are completely right, I really apologize.
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Exchange Office

Možete li mi reći gdje je najbliža mjenjačnica?
Can you tell t where the closest exchange office is?

Kada se ujutro otvara mjenjačnica?
When in the morning does the exchange office open?

Da li imate ličnu kartu?
Do you have the identity card?

Da imam./ Ne izgubio sam je.
Yes I have. /No I don’t I have lost it.

Da li ste to prijavlili policiji?
Have you reported that to the police?

Da svakako.
Yes, of course.

Da li mogu da promijenim 100 eura u US $?
Can you exchange 100 euros into US $?

Želim da pošaljem pismo za Ameriku, kako će najbrže stići?
I want to send a letter to America, in which way it will arrive faster?

Najbrže će stići avionski.
The quickest way is by air mail.

U redu pošaljite ga tako.
Ok, send it by airmail.

Iznajmljivanje vozila - Car hire

Željela bih da iznajmim kola.
I would like to rent a car.

Imamo brza, ekonomična, i udobna vozila.
We have fast, economic, and comfortable vehicles.

Da li imate vozila marke citroen?
Do you have citroen vehicles?

Da imamo. Koji želite?
Yes we have. Which type do you want?

Željela bih citroen C4.
I would like a citroen C4.

U redu, nema problema.
That’s fine, no problem.

Želim da iznajmim vozilo na 10 dana.
I want to rent the vehicle for 10 days.

Koliko košta svaki ekstra pređeni kilometer?
What is the charge per extra kilometer?

Informacioni Desk - Information Desk

Da li bih mogla da dobijem neke brošure, vodiče i flajere.
Could i get some brochures, guides and leaflets.

Da, možete. Imamo raznih brošura, vodiča i flajera.
Yes you can. We have various brochures, guides and leflets.

Željela bih neki vodič o Cetinju, jer želim da ga posjetim
I would like to get some guide about Cetinje, because i want to visit it.

Da li biste mi mogli preporučiti neki hotel?
Could you reccommend me some hotel?

Da, naravno. Kakav hotel biste željeli?
Yes, of course. What type of hotel would you like?

Pa neki hotel sa 4 zvjezdice bi bio sasvim u redu.
Well, some 4 star hotel would be quite nice.

Pa mogli biste odjesti u hotelu Sveti Stefan.
Well, zou could stay in hotel Sveti Stefan.

Da li želite da vam ga rezervišem?
Do you want me to do the reservation for you?

Da to bi bilo vrlo lijepo od vas.
Yes, that would be very nice of you.

Da li želite da idete na neke ekskurzije koje mi organizujemo?
Do you want to go on some excursion that we are organizing?

Da svakako upišite me.
Yes of course, sign me in.

Koliko košta jedna ekskurzija?
How much does an excursion cost?

Cijena se kreće od... do... eura.
The price is from.... to... euros.

Pomoć u gradu – Help in town (city directions)

Izvinite možete li mi pomoći?
Excuse me can you help me?

Želelja bih da nađem ulicu Vuka Karadzića.
I would like to find the street Vuk Karadzić.

Samo idite pravo do kraja ulice i onda skrenite desno.
Just go to the end of the street and then turn left.

Da li biste mi mogli reći kako da nađem poštu/mjenjačnicu/banku/željezniču stanicu?
Could you tell me how to find the post office/exchange office/ bank / train station…?

Idite do prvog semafora. Predjite ulicu i nakon toga podjite lijevo nekih 500 metara.
You go straight ahead to the first traffic light. Cross the street, and after that go left for some 500 meters.

Da li mi možete reći gdje ima dobar restoran?
Can you tell me where can I find some good restaurant?

Možete ga naći na uglu Ulice Slobode. Idite samo pravo i kada dođete do kraja ulice on će vam biti sa desne strane.
You can find it on the corner of Sloboda Street. You just go straight ahead and when you get to the end of the street the restaurant will be on your right side.

Koliko ima do prvog kafića?
How far is the nearest (first) café?

Na 5 minuta odavde.
Five minutes from here.
Izvinjenja – Apologies

Izvinjavam se – I am sorry.

Izvinjavam se što vas prekidam – I am sorry to interrupt you.

Izvinite mislim da vas ne razumijem najbolje.
I am really sorry, but I am afraid that I don’t understand you quite well

Razna pitanja – various questions

Izvinte da li je ovo mjesto slobodno?
Excuse me, is this seat taken?

Izvinite, treba li vam pomoć?
Excuse me, do you need help?

Odakle si? (odakle ste? – more formal)
Where are you from?

Šta radiš? (Čime se baviš?)
What do you do?

Ja sam inžinjer.
I am an engineer.

Da li mogu da dobijem vaš broj telefona?
Can I get your phone number?

Javiću vam se uskoro.
I will call you soon.

Kako lijepo iznen]enje!
What a nice surprise.

Hvala ti puno. (Hvala vam puno)
Thanks a lot! (Thank you very much)

Prodavnice – Shops
Supermarket – Supermarket
Piljara – Gross market (green grocery)
Mesara – Butcher’s
Pekara – Baker’s
Pijaca - Market
Apoteka – Pharmacy
Robna kuća – Department store
Knjižara – Bookstore
Prodavnica obuće – Clothes shop

Voće – Fruit

Jabuka – Apple
Kruška – Pear
Narandza – Orange
Kajsija – Appricot
Jagoda – Strawberry
Banana – Banana
Kupina – Blackberry
Borovnica – Blueberry
Visnja – Sour cherry
Trešnja – Cherry
Malina – Raspberry
Limun – Lemon
Šljiva – plum
Mandarina – Tangerine
Grožđe – Grapes
Smokva – Fig
Ribizla – Currant
Grejpfrut – Grapefruit
Breskva – peach
Dunja - Quince


Povrće - Vegetables

Krompir – Potato
Paradajz - Tomato
Kupus - Cabbage
Cvekla - Beetroot
Salata - Salad
Boranija – Green beans
Grašak - Pea
Pasulj – Beans
Karfiol - Cauliflower
Krastavac - Cucumber
Šargarepa - Carrot
Spanać - Spinach
Repa - Turnip
Plavi patlidzan – Egg-plant
Pirinač - Rice

Jela – Meals

Jaja na oko – fried eggs
Kajgana – scrambled eggs
Meko kuvano jaje – soft boiled egg
Tvrdo kuvano jaje – hard boiled egg
Omlet – omlette
Hleb – bread
Bijeli hleb – white bread
Crni hleb – black bread
Ražani hleb – corn bread
Svjež hleb – fresh bread
Dijetalni hleb – diet bread
Pecivo – backed ware
Zemička – roll
Pekmez, dzem – jam
Med – honez
Margarine, puter- margarine, butter
Sir – cheese
Kafa – coffee
Bijela kafa – coffee and milk
Kafa sa mlijekom – coffee with milk
Čaj – tea
Pasulj – beans
Pasulj prebranac – baked beans
Pašteta – meat paste
Olives – masline
Punjeni pradajz – stuffed tomato
Ruska salata – Russian salad
Špagete – spaghetti
Lazanje – lasagnas
Govedina – beef
Kuvana govedina – boiled beef
Dinstana govedina – braised beef
Goveđi stek (odrezak) – beef steak
Goveđe pečenje – roast beef
Svinjetina - pork
Svinjsko pečenje – roast pork
Svinjski kotleti – pork chop
Raćnjići- small grilled meat
Teleći odrezak – veal slice
Teleće pečenje – roast veal
Teleći paprikaš – veal stew
Jagnjetina – lamb
Jagnjeće pečenje – roasted lamb
Ćevapi – ground meat rolls
Pljeskavica – hamburger
Zečetina – hare
Srnetina – doe meat
Fazan – pheasant
Pačetina – duck meat
Guska – goose
Ćuretina – turkey meat
Kokošije meso – chicken meat
Miješano meso – minced meat
Porcija ćevapa – portion of ground meet rolls

Supe – soups

Supa – soup
Čorba od krompira – thick potato soup
Čorba od paradajza – thick tomato soup
Supa od pečuraka - mushroom soup
Goveđa supa – beef soup
Kokošja supa – chicken soup
Pirinčana supa – rice soup
Riblja čorba – thick fish soup
Goveđi ragu – beef ragout
Povrtna supa – vegetable soup

Riba – fish

Riječna riba – river fish
Morska riba – se fish
Pastrmka – trout
Šaran – carp
Girice – picarels
Skuša – mackerel
Oslić – hake
Sipa – cuttle – fish
Jegulja – eel
Losos – salmon
Smuđ – pike – perch
Som – sheat – fish
Sotige – oysters
Jastog – lobster
Tunjevina – tuna
Bakalar – codfish
Školjke – shells
Rak – crayfish
Mušulje – mussels
Škampi – shrimp
Hobotnica – octopus

Začini – spices (seasonings)

So- salt
Šećer – sugar
Biber – pepper
Sirće – vinegar
Ulje – oil
Origano – oregano
Sos – sauce
Mirođija – spice
Peršun – parsley
Aleva paprika – red pepper
Kim – caraway seeds
Bosiljak – basil
Slačica - mustard

Imenice - Nouns

Nouns are words which have changing endings and they are used to name people, places, things and phenomena. In Serbian language all nouns have a gender: masculine, feminine and neutral. The great majority of masculine nouns ends with a consonant, while the majority of feminine nouns ends with the letter “a” (tetka – aunt, olovka – pencil etc), but there are feminine nouns that end with a consonant such as peć – stove. Neutral nouns end with letters “o” or “e” like in words dijete – a child or in vino – wine.

The nouns in Serbian language have the number (singular and plural) and declensions (they have 7 cases). Except nouns, adjectives, numbers, ordinal numbers and pronouns also can be declined.

Padeži - Cases

The cases are:

1.Nominative (usually it is a subject and you can get the nominative by answering the questions who? and what?
2. Genitive (it is a possessive and the questions to get a genitive are of whom?, And of what?)
3. Dative (it is the indirect object and the questions for dative are to whom? And to what?)
4. Accusative (is the direct object, and the questions are whom? and what?)
5. Vocative (calling someone e.g. Petre - the nominative is Petar)
6. Instrumental (the questions are with whom? and with what?)
7. Locative (the questions are about whom? and about what?)

Zamjenice – Pronouns

Ja- I
Ti – You
On/Ona/Ono – He/She/It
Mi - We
Vi - You
Oni – TheySINGULAR


I YOU HE/SHE/IT
N ja ti on/ona/ono
G mene/me tebe/te njega/ga, nje/je, njega/ ga
D meni/mi tebi/ti njemu/mu,njoj/joj,njemu/mu
A mene/me tebe/te njega/ga, nju/ju/je, njega/ga
V - ti -
I sa mnom tobom njim, njom, njim
L meni tebi njemu, njoj, njemu


PLURAL

WE YOU THEY
N mi vi oni/one/ona
G nas vas njih/ih
D nama/nam vama/vam njima/im
A nas vas njih/ih
V - vi -
I nama vama njima
L nama vama njima


Prisvojne zemjenice – Possesive pronouns

Posessive pronouns are; moj – mine, tvoj – yours, njegov – his / njen- hers, naš – ours, vaš – yours, njihov –theirs SINGULAR

MY YOUR HE/SHE/IT
N moj tvoj njegov/njen
G moga tvoga njegovog/njenog
D mome tvome njegovom/njenom
A mog/moj tvog/tvoj njegovog/njenog, njegov/njen
V - - -
I mojim tvojim njegovim/njenim
L mom tvom njegoovom/njenom


PLURAL

OUR YOUR THEIR
N naš vaš njigov
G našeh vašeg njihovog
D našem vašem njihovom
A našeg-naš vašeg-vaš njihovog-njihov
V - - -
I našim vašim njihovim
L našem vašem njihovom

Pokazne zamjenice – Demonstrative pronouns

Pronouns are used as demonstratives:
ovaj (m.), ova (f.), ovo (n.) – This;
ovi (m.), ove (f.), ova (n.) – These;
onaj (m.), ona (f.), ono (n.) – That;
oni (m.), one (f.), ona (n.) – Those.


Glagoli - Verbs

We also have verbs and they are conjugated in three persons both singular and plural.

Serbian language has two auxiliary verbs and they are: Biti (to Be) and Htjeti (Will). These auxiliary verb forms are forming tenses such as perfect tenses and future tenses.
Sadašnje vrijeme - Present tenseAUXILIARY VERB: BITI “TO BE“


SINGULAR

Stressed form Unstressed form
1. jesam (I am) sam (I’m)
2. jesi (are) si (You’re)
3. jeste (is) je(He/she/it’s)


PLURAL
1. jesmo (We are) smo (We’re)
2. jeste (are) ste (You’re)
3. jesu (are) su (They’re)

AUXILIARY VERB: HTJETI “WILL”


SINGULAR

Stressed form Unstressed form
1. hoću (I will) ću (I’ll)
2. hoćeš (You will) ćeš(You’ll)
3. hoće (He/she it will) će (He/she/it’ll)


PLURAL

1. hoćemo(We will) ćemo(We’ll)
2. hoćete (You will) ćete (You’ll)
3. hoće (They will) će (They’ll)


The infinitive form of all the verbs in Serbian language end either in – ti (as in the verb učiti – learn) or in – ći (as in the verb teći – flow) Učiti – to learn Misliti – to think Jesti – to eat


SINGULAR
1. Ja učim – I am studing Ja mislim – I think (or I am thinking – depending on the continuation of the sentence) Ja jedem – I am eating
2. Ti učiš – You are studing Ti misliš – You think Ti jedeš – You are eating
3. On/ona/ono uči He/she/it is studing On/ona/ono misli – He/she/it thinks On/ona/ono jede – He/she/it is eating


PLURAL
1. Mi učimo – We are studing Mi mislimo – We think Mi jedemo – We are eating
2. Vi učite – You are studing Vi mislite – You think Vi jedete – You are eating
3. Oni uče – They are studing Oni misle – They think Oni jedu – They are eating


Prošlo vrijeme - Past tense

Past tense – All past action in Serbian laguage continuous and sipmle can be uttered in the past tense. The past tense is formed from the present tense of the auxiliary verb BITI „to BE“ (sam, si, je, smo, ste, su) and the avtive past participle of the main (changing) verb. This participle is formed by cutting of the infinitive ending –ti or –ći and adding the appropriate gender ending which are:
Masculine – o
Feminine – la
Neutral – lo

So for e..g. the participle of the verb misliti would be: Mislio (m.), mislila (f.), and mislilo (n.)Učiti – to learn


SINGULAR
1. ja sam radio(m.)/radila(f.) I work or I was working radio/radila sam
2. ti si radio(m.)/radila(f.)/radilo(n.) you were working radio si/ radila je/ radilo je
3. on je radio(m.)/ona je radila(f.)/ono je radilo(n.) he was workin/she was working/it was working radio/radila/radilo je


PLURAL
1. mi smo radili(m.)/radile(f.) We worked or We were working radili/radile smo
2. Vi ste radili (m.)/radile (f.) You worked or You were working radili/radile ste
3. oni su radili(m.)/one su radile(f.)/ona su radila(n.) Radili/radile/radila su

Buduće vrijeme – Future tense

Future tense – is used to indicate the actions that are about to happen or which will happen at some point in the future. In Serbian laguage this tense is formed from the present tense of the auxilary verb HTJETI “to have“ (ću,ćeš,će,ćemo,ćete,će) and the infinitive form of the main verb.


SINGULAR

1. ja ću pisati (I will write) pisaću
2. ti ćeš pisati (you will write) pisaćeš
3. on/ona/ono će pisati (he/she/it will write) pisaće


PLURAL
1. mi ćemo pisati (we will write) pisaćemo
2. vi ćete pisati (you will write) pisaćete
3. oni/one/ona će pisati (they will write) pisaćemo

Capitalization of words

The following words are capitalized in the Serbian language:
The first word in a sentence: Čovek je šetao gradom.
The first word in a quoted text: Petar reče: "Sutra ću kupiti automobil".
Personal pronouns and pronoun adjectives used in formal speech: Predlog koji ste Vi izneli je dobar.
Names:
Personal names, nicknames and surnames: Ana, Petar, Boris, Jovana, Jela, Jovanović, Petrović.
Adjectives of personal names only: Anin, Petrov, Borisov.
Names of buildings: Stari most, Beograđanka, Ajfelova kula, Kip slobode.
In the names of towns, countries and continents all nouns and adjectives are capitalized: Novi Sad, Sarajevo, Evropa, Sjedinjene Američke Države.
Ethnicities and nationalities: Amerikanac, Francuz, Nigerijac.
Citizens of towns: Novosađanka, Sarajlija, Parižanin.
The first word of a street name is always capitalized, others are capitalized if it is a proper noun: Ulica neznanih junaka, Njegoševa ulica, Ulica Nikole Tesle.
Names of geographic locations, such as mountains, lakes or rivers are written with the first word capitalized, and the others if they are proper nouns: Jadransko more, Dunav, Bokokotorski zaliv, Ada Ciganlija.
Names of space bodies: Sunce, Mesec, Mars, Zemlja, Mlečni put.
The first word of names of institutions are always capitalized, others are capitalized if it is a proper noun: Srpska akademija nauka i umetnosti, Osnovna škola "Petar Petrović Njegoš", Nacionalna štedionica.
The first word of names of books, magazines and other publications are always capitalized, others are capitalized if it is a proper noun: Vojna enciklopedija, Na Drini ćuprija, Đavo u Sarajevu.
Names of holidays: Nova godina, Bajram, Božić.

Particles


Question particle li

The question particle li is always written separately from other words. For example:
Da li čitaš knjigu? (Are you reading a book?) or
Čitaš li knjigu?
Unless, it is used to form contractions. A contraction formed by li particle (normally) occurs by dropping the i and joining the l with the previous word. For example:
Dal' čitaš knjigu?




Negation particle ne

In front of verbs, ne is almost always written separately, for example:
ne umem (I do not know how)
ne želim (I do not want/wish)
ne volim (I do not like)
The following verbs are written as one word. They are not really an exception, as they are verbs of their own.
neću (I do not want) (I will not)
nemam (I do not have)
nemoj (do not, imperative)
nisam (I am not)

Serbian nouns have the categories grammatical gender, number, and case. A noun has one of three specific grammatical genders (masculine, feminine, neuter) and two numbers (singular and plural)


Case System

Nouns (as well as pronouns and adjectives) in Serbian have seven cases: nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, vocative, instrumental and locative, in both singular and plural. The number of cases, in concert with a non-fixed word-order, can make Serbian difficult to learn for speakers of languages without a strong case system.

Declension of proper name ‘Larisa” (feminine noun)

Лариса је добра наставница. = Larisa is a good teacher (subject; Лариса = nominative case)''

Видим Ларису. = I see Larisa. (Ларису = ‘direct’ object; Ларису = accusative case)''

Он даје књигу Лариси. = He is giving a book to Larisa. (Лариси = ‘indirect’ object; Лариси = dative case)''

Идем са Ларисoм. = I am going with Larisa. (Ларисом = object of preposition ‘са’; Ларисом = instrumental case)''

Идем код Ларисe. = I’m going to Larisa’s house. (Ларисе = object of preposition ‘код’; Ларисе = genitive case)''

Ларисo! = Larisa!.(Ларисo = vocative; when calling someone)

Verb јесам

Verb јесам is often regarded as the verb "to be" in the present tense. It is a defective verb. It does not have the infinitive form; its basic dictionary form is јесам which is the present tense 1st person singular of the verb itself. Furthermore, it has the forms of present tense only:Pronoun Present

Present (negative forms)

Long (accented) form Short (unaccented) form
Ја (I) јесам сам нисам
Ти (You) јеси си ниси
Oн, Она, Оно (He, she, it) јесте је није
Ми (We) јесмо смо нисмо
Ви (You pl.) јесте сте нисте
Oни, Оне, Она (They) јесу су нису


The copulative use of the verb јесам matches that of the verb "to be" in English (e.g. He is a student - On је ученик), of course, in the present tense only. The 'true forms' of the verb "to be", i.e. the forms of the verb бити in the present tense have a limited use (in formation of the future exact or in conditional clauses referring to the future). The truth is grammarians decided to introduce the verb јесам as the second auxiliary (the verb хтети being the third one) to resolve the problem of one verb having two different conjugations in the present tense.

Verb бити

Verb бити, "to be", one of the most common irregular verbs is conjugated in the manner described below:Pronoun Present Future Past tense
1st 2nd perfect aorist imperfect pluperfect
Ја (I) будем ћу бити будем био/ла сам био/лa; био/лa сам бих бејах биo/лa сам биo/лa
Ти (You) будеш ћеш бити будеш биo/ла си био/лa; био/лa си би бејаше биo/лa си биo/лa
Он, Она, Оно (He, she, it) буде ће бити буде биo/лa/лo је биo/лa/лo; биo/лa/лo је би бејаше биo/лa/лo је биo/лa/лo
Ми (We) будемо ћемо бити будемо били/лe смо били/лe; били/лe смо бисмо бејасмо били/лe смо били/лe
Ви (You pl.) будете ћете бити будете били/лe сте били/лe; били/лe сте бисте бејасте били/ле сте били/ле
Oни, Оне, Она (They) буду ће бити буду били/лe/лa су били/билe/билa; били/лe/лa су бише бејаху били/лe/лa су били/лe/лa

wow! thats a lot of helpful stuff. thanks sanda, everything pretty much pertains to croatian too which is what i need. except i cannot read crylic, and i think the months are different in croatian as well as a few other words. but thanks for writing all of that for us

Narandza – Orange - in croatian Naranča

Kajsija – Appricot - in cro marelica

Krompir – Potato - in cro krumpir
Paradajz - Tomato - rajčica
Cvekla - Beetroot - cikla
Pasulj – Beans - Grah
Šargarepa - Carrot - mrkva
Spanać - Spinach - špinat

some meal names are also different in Croatian, but I don't have time to write it now...
and these are months in croatian

Siječanj - January
Veljača - February
Ožujak - March
Travanj - April
Svibanj - May
Lipanj - June
Srpanj - July
Kolovoz - August
Rujan - September
Listopad - October
Studeni - November
Prosinac - December

and bread is kruh in croatian